![]() ![]() Anyone who has had one pneumothorax is at increased risk of another. ![]() Certain types of pneumothorax appear to run in families. The risk increases with the length of time and the number of cigarettes smoked, even without emphysema. Underlying lung disease or mechanical ventilation can be a cause or a risk factor for a pneumothorax. The type of pneumothorax caused by ruptured air blisters is most likely to occur in people between 20 and 40 years old, especially if the person is very tall and underweight. In general, men are far more likely to have a pneumothorax than women are. The ventilator can create an imbalance of air pressure within the chest. A severe type of pneumothorax can occur in people who need mechanical assistance to breathe. These air blisters sometimes burst - allowing air to leak into the space that surrounds the lungs. Small air blisters (blebs) can develop on the top of the lungs. Cystic lung diseases, such as lymphangioleiomyomatosis and Birt-Hogg-Dube syndrome, cause round, thin-walled air sacs in the lung tissue that can rupture, resulting in pneumothorax. Lung damage can be caused by many types of underlying diseases, such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), cystic fibrosis, lung cancer or pneumonia. Damaged lung tissue is more likely to collapse. Some injuries may happen during physical assaults or car crashes, while others may inadvertently occur during medical procedures that involve the insertion of a needle into the chest. Any blunt or penetrating injury to your chest can cause lung collapse. ![]()
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